# Mashed Potatoes Recipe: Creamy, Fluffy and Easy to Scale for a Crowd _Creamy mashed potatoes from the right potato and a gentle hand, with a chart for 2 to 30 guests and swaps for no milk or no butter._ **Quick answer** Simmer 3 pounds of peeled, chunked Yukon Gold or russet potatoes in salted water that started cold, until a fork slides in easily, about 15 to 20 minutes. Drain, let them steam dry for 2 minutes, then mash with 6 tablespoons of butter before adding 1 cup of warm milk. Season and serve. A good mashed potatoes recipe depends less on the dairy than on the potato and how you treat it. Choose a starchy or buttery variety and start it in cold water so it cooks evenly. Then mash it gently, because overworked potatoes turn gluey no matter how much cream you add. This version uses about half a pound of potatoes per person and a simple ratio of butter and milk you can scale for two or for thirty. Below the card you will also find a crowd chart, how to make mashed potatoes ahead and keep them warm safely, and swaps for no milk or no butter. - **½ lb** - Raw potatoes per person - **Cold water** - Start potatoes cold so the centers cook evenly - **Butter first** - Coat the starch before adding warm milk ## Which Potatoes Make the Best Mash The variety decides the texture before you ever pick up a masher. According to [Potatoes USA](https://potatogoodness.com/potato-types/), russets are ideal for light and fluffy mashed potatoes, while yellow potatoes such as Yukon Gold bring a naturally smooth, buttery texture. | Potato | Mash texture | Best for | | --- | --- | --- | | Russet | Light, fluffy, absorbs lots of butter | Classic holiday mash and gravy | | Yukon Gold | Dense, creamy, naturally buttery | Rich mash with less dairy | | Half and half | Fluffy but creamy | The best of both | | Red | Firm and chunky | Skin-on smashed potatoes | ## Why Mashed Potatoes Turn Gluey Cooked potato cells are full of swollen starch granules, and gentle mashing simply separates the cells. Blending, whipping or overmixing bursts them instead, and the free starch turns the mash sticky and elastic. For that reason, use a hand masher or a ricer rather than a blender or food processor. Adding the butter before the milk also helps, because fat coats the starch and keeps the texture silky. Finally, warm the milk first, since cold dairy cools the potatoes and makes them harder to mash smoothly. ## Recipe: Creamy Mashed Potatoes Yield: 8 servings | Prep: 15 min | Cook: 20 min | Total: 35 min ### Ingredients - 3 lb Yukon Gold or russet potatoes (peeled and cut into 2-inch chunks) - 1 tbsp kosher salt (for the cooking water) - 6 tbsp unsalted butter (cut into pieces) - 1 cup whole milk (warmed) - 1 tsp table salt (or to taste) - 1/4 tsp black pepper ### Instructions 1. Put the potatoes in a large pot, cover them with cold water by 1 inch, and add the kosher salt. 2. Bring the water to a boil over high heat, then lower it to a steady simmer and cook until a fork slides through the potatoes easily, 15 to 20 minutes. 3. While the potatoes cook, warm the milk in a small saucepan until it steams, without letting it boil. 4. Drain the potatoes well, return them to the hot pot, and let them steam dry over low heat for 2 minutes. 5. Mash the potatoes with the butter until smooth, then add the warm milk a little at a time, mashing gently until creamy. 6. Season with the table salt and pepper, taste, and serve hot. ### Notes For extra-smooth mash, press the potatoes through a ricer instead of mashing them. Never use a blender or food processor, which turns them gluey. Nutrition is estimated per serving from USDA FoodData Central values. Salt in the cooking water mostly drains away, so it is not included. ### Nutrition per serving (estimate) | Nutrient | Amount | | --- | --- | | Calories | 220 kcal | | Total fat | 10 g | | Saturated fat | 6 g | | Cholesterol | 25 mg | | Sodium | 310 mg | | Carbohydrates | 32 g | | Fiber | 3 g | | Sugars | 3 g | | Protein | 4 g | ## How Many Potatoes Per Person Plan on about half a pound of raw potatoes for each guest, which yields roughly ¾ cup of mash. For every pound of potatoes, use 2 tablespoons of butter, ⅓ cup of milk and ⅓ teaspoon of salt in the mash. | Guests | Potatoes | Butter | Warm milk | | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 2 | 1 lb | 2 tbsp | ⅓ cup | | 4 | 2 lb | 4 tbsp | ⅔ cup | | 8 | 4 lb | 8 tbsp | 1⅓ cups | | 12 | 6 lb | 12 tbsp | 2 cups | | 20 | 10 lb | 1¼ cups | 3⅓ cups | | 30 | 15 lb | 1¾ cups | 5 cups | For 20 or more, cook the potatoes in two pots rather than one oversized batch, so they boil evenly and drain easily. ## Make Ahead and Keep Warm for a Crowd You can make mashed potatoes up to 2 days ahead. Refrigerate them within 2 hours, then reheat covered at 350°F with a splash of milk until the center reaches 165°F, as [USDA leftovers guidance](https://www.fsis.usda.gov/food-safety/safe-food-handling-and-preparation/food-safety-basics/leftovers-and-food-safety) recommends. Leftovers keep 3 to 4 days in the refrigerator. To hold them for a buffet, transfer the hot mash to a slow cooker on the warm or low setting and stir in a little extra butter. The [FDA buffet guidance](https://www.fda.gov/food/buy-store-serve-safe-food/serving-safe-buffets) says hot food should stay at 140°F or warmer, so check with a thermometer, since some warmers run cooler. ## Swaps for No Milk, No Butter or Dairy-Free Mashed potatoes adapt easily to dietary preferences, as long as you keep enough fat and liquid in the bowl. | Instead of | Use | Result | | --- | --- | --- | | Milk | Warm chicken or vegetable broth | Lighter and savory | | Milk | Unsweetened almond or oat milk | Creamy and dairy-free | | Butter | Olive oil, 2 tbsp per pound | Silky, slightly fruity | | Part of the milk | Sour cream or cream cheese, ½ cup | Tangy and extra rich | ## Add-Ins and Variations Once the base is smooth, fold in additional ingredients just before serving so the texture stays light and the flavors remain distinct. | Variation | Add to 3 pounds of potatoes | | --- | --- | | Garlic | Simmer 6 peeled cloves with the potatoes and mash them in | | Cream cheese | 4 ounces, softened, with the butter | | Sour cream and chives | ½ cup sour cream and 3 tbsp chopped chives | | Parmesan | ¾ cup finely grated, stirred in at the end | | Loaded | Cheddar, crumbled bacon and sliced green onions | ## Other Ways to Cook the Potatoes The stovetop method is the most reliable, but other appliances work when the burners are busy. In an electric pressure cooker, cook the chunks with 1 cup of water on high pressure for 8 minutes, release the pressure, drain, and mash as usual. A slow cooker suits a holiday morning, since it frees the stove entirely. Cook the chunks with ½ cup of broth on high for about 4 hours until tender, then mash them right in the crock with the butter and warm milk. For a quick batch for one or two, microwave peeled chunks in a covered bowl with a splash of water for 8 to 10 minutes, stirring halfway, until soft. ## Frequently Asked Questions ### Should you peel potatoes for mashed potatoes? Peel russets for the smoothest mash. Thin-skinned Yukon Gold and red potatoes can keep their skins for a rustic texture, as long as you scrub them well. ### How do you fix gluey mashed potatoes? You cannot undo burst starch, but you can hide it. Spread the mash in a buttered dish, top it with cheese and breadcrumbs, and bake it at 375°F until golden. ### Can you freeze mashed potatoes? Yes, especially mash made with plenty of butter. Freeze portions for up to 3 to 4 months, thaw them overnight in the refrigerator, and stir in warm milk as they reheat. ## Bringing It Together Creamy mashed potatoes come from three choices. Pick russets for fluffy mash or Yukon Golds for creamy, start them in cold salted water, and mash gently with butter before the warm milk. From there, the recipe scales with one rule: half a pound of potatoes per person. Each pound then takes 2 tablespoons of butter and a third of a cup of milk. For a holiday, make them ahead and reheat them to 165°F. Alternatively, hold them at 140°F or warmer in a slow cooker so the last guest gets a hot spoonful too. **Key takeaways** - Use russets for fluffy mash and Yukon Golds for creamy mash. - Start the potatoes in cold, salted water and drain them well. - Mash by hand with butter first, then warm milk, and never use a blender. - Plan half a pound of potatoes per person, and hold them at 140°F or warmer. How this recipe was built: its ratios follow long-established technique, and potato guidance comes from Potatoes USA. Storage and holding temperatures follow USDA and FDA guidance, and nutrition comes from [FoodData Central](https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/).